ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To characterize adolescents referred to medical consultation based on the screening tool "Perfil de Saúde do Utente Adolescente", and to compare to information gathered from a questionnaire and data assessed during the visit. Methods A retrospective and descriptive study, with analysis of the questionnaires filled out by adolescents and their respective medical records, in the period from January 2013 to June 2016. Results A total of 54 adolescents were seen, 57% male and mean age of 12±1.7 years. In the questionnaire, 37% stated that they had some kind of health problem; 35% would like to change the relationship with their parents; 18% had some concern about safety at school; and 39% made dietary mistakes. Approximately 31% had consumed alcohol, 13% had tried smoking, and 4% had used other drugs. At the first medical appointment, 38% stated they had chronic disease, 11% reported poor family environment, 39% had school problems and 39% made dietary mistakes. About 13% had tried smoking, 24% had tried to consume alcohol, and 2% had tried other drugs. Thirty seven percent of adolescents were referred to adolescent medicine consultation, and 39% to another hospital consultation. Conclusion Many of the biopsychosocial risk items identified through the questionnaire were confirmed during consultation, indicating that it could be a useful screening method for problems linked to the adolescence period.
RESUMO Objetivo Caracterizar adolescentes referenciados à consulta médica a partir do instrumento de triagem Perfil de Saúde do Utente Adolescente e comparar as informações obtidas do questionário e os dados avaliados na consulta. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo e descritivo, com análise dos questionários preenchidos por adolescentes e respectivos processos clínicos da consulta realizada no período de janeiro de 2013 a junho de 2016. Resultados Foram consultados 54 adolescentes, 57% do sexo masculino, com média de idade 12±1,7 anos. No questionário, 37% responderam ter algum problema de saúde; 35% gostariam de mudar a relação com os pais; 18% tinham algum tipo de preocupação com a segurança na escola; e 39% cometiam erros alimentares. Aproximadamente 31% já tinham consumido álcool, 13% já tinham experimentado fumar, e 4% tinham experimentado outras drogas. Na primeira consulta, 38% dos respondentes responderam ter doença crônica, 11% referiram mau ambiente familiar, 39% apresentaram problemas escolares e 39% revelaram erros alimentares. Cerca de 13% experimentaram fumar, 24% consumiram álcool, e 2% experimentaram outras drogas. Foram referenciados à consulta de medicina do adolescente 37% dos adolescentes, e 39% foram direcionados a outra consulta hospitalar. Conclusão Em consulta, confirmaram-se muitos dos itens de risco biopsicossocial identificados por meio do questionário aplicado, o que pode indicar que este é um método útil no rastreio de problemática ligada à adolescência.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Schools , Smoking/adverse effects , Mass Screening , Retrospective Studies , Follow-Up StudiesABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles para identificar los factores biopsicosociales que influyeron sobre la discapacidad física de 432 ancianos pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente Carlos Ramírez Corría en el municipio de San Luis, provincia de Santiago de Cuba, durante el 2007, los cuales fueron seleccionados con una relación de 1:2. Para medir la fuerza de asociación se utilizó la tasa relativa (odds ratio en inglés), con un nivel de significación de 95 por ciento. Las enfermedades crónicas, las secuelas subsiguientes a la fractura de cadera, los sentimientos de soledad, la ausencia de confidente y la inadaptación a la jubilación constituyeron factores de riesgo de discapacidad física en la población investigada
A case-control study to identify the biopsychosocial factors that influenced on the physical disability of 432 elderly belonging to the Carlos Ramírez Corría Teaching Polyclinic in San Luis municipality, Santiago de Cuba was carried out, during 2007, who were selected with a relationship of 1:2. The relative rate was used (odds ratio in English) in order to measure the association force, with a level of significance of 95 per cent. The chronic diseases, the sequelae subsequent to the hip fracture, feelings of loneliness, partner's absence and failure to adapt to the retirement constituted risk factors of physical disability in the investigated population
Subject(s)
Aged , Chronic Disease , Disabled Persons , Health of the Disabled , Risk Factors , Case-Control StudiesABSTRACT
Objetivo: Describir el nivel de predicción de las complicaciones obstétricas y perinatales mediante la evaluación periódica del riesgo biopsicosocial prenatal (RBP) durante el control prenatal en mujeres asiáticas. Materiales y métodos: Durante el 2002 se evaluaron en Shanghai, China y Dhaka, Bangalesh 565 primigrávidas sanas con evaluaciones periódicas del RBP (primera: semana 14-27, segunda: semana 28-32, tercera: semana 33-42) con evaluación prospectiva del resultado materno y perinatal. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 25.1±6.4 años en su mayoría de nivel socioeconómico medio, con formación universitaria y residencia urbana. Se observaron 135 (23.9%) complicaciones obstétricas, 57 (10.1%) recién nacidos con bajo peso y 41 (7.3%) muertes perinatales. El alto riesgo biopsicosocial prenatal se asoció con las complicaciones obstétricas (área bajo la curva ROC) 0.80 IC 95% 0.71-0.89 con el parto prematuro (área bajo la curva ROC) 0.79, IC 95% 0.68-0.90) y con el bajo peso al nacer (área bajo la curva ROC) 0.85, IC 95% 0.77-0.93. El período con mayor efectividad predictiva fue el último (33-42 semanas) tanto para las complicaciones obstétricas (sensibilidad: 84.4%, especificidad: 69.3%), como para el parto prematuro (sensibilidad: 79.2%, especificidad: 67.1%) como para el bajo peso al nacer (sensibilidad: 88% especificidad: 77.3%). A pesar de las diferencias basales sociodemográficas, nutricionales, étnicas, culturales y religiosas de los dos países el efecto predictivo del instrumento fue similar. Conclusión: La evaluación del riesgo biopsicosocial prenatal fue clínicamente válida para predecir complicaciones obstétricas, parto prematuro y bajo peso al nacer en los países asiáticos comparable a los resultados en Latino-América.
Objective: To determine the effect of the periodical use of the prenatal biopsychosocial risk assessment (PBR) to predict obstetric and perinatal complications in pregnant women in Asian countries. Materials and methods: In Shanghai, China, and Dhaka, Bangladesh, 565 healthy primigravids were evaluated with PBR at inclusion (14-27 weeks), in a second time (28-32 weeks) and in a third time (33-42 weeks) with assessment of the perinatal outcome. Results: The average age was 25.1±6.4 years old. Most of the women were from middle socioeconomic level, with university academic degree and urban residence. There were 129 (25.6%) obstetric complications, 54 (10.1%) low birth weight babies and 41 (7.3%) perinatal deaths. The ROC analysis showed that the high PBR score was associated with obstetric complications (area under ROC Curves) 0.80 CI 95% 0.71-0.89, preterm birth (area under ROC curves) 0.79, CI 95% 0.68-0.90, low birth weight (area under ROC curves) 0.85, CI 95% 0.77-0.93. The best predictive period was the last (33-42 weeks) to obstetric complications (sensibility: 84.4%, specificity: 69.3%), preterm delivery (sensibility 79.2%, specificity 67.1%) and to low birth weight (sensibility 88%, specificity 77.3%). The baseline sociodemographic and nutritional characteristics and the perinatal outcome were different between the countries, however, the predictive effect of the instrument was similar. Conclusion: The prenatal biopsychosocial risk assessment was clinically valid to predict obstetric complications, preterm birth and low birth weight in two Asian countries when compared to results in Latin-American countries.